Aerospace
Why there may soon be only one pilot on aeroplanes
Airlines will soon have a single pilot in the cockpit.!
Airlines and regulators predict that one pilot will take the place of two in the cockpit of passenger jets. Although it would lower costs and ease pressure from crew shortages, some individuals find it unsettling to give one person such authority.
More than 40 countries, including Germany, the UK, and New Zealand, have approached the United Nations organization that sets aviation rules to request aid in bringing single-pilot aircraft into the mainstream. The European Union Aviation Safety Agency has been creating standards for solo flights in addition to working with aircraft makers to comprehend how they would operate. EASA estimates that such services could start in 2027.
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In the early 1950s, the majority of aircraft that operated longer flights used to have a crew of four, consisting of two pilots, one navigator, and an additional flight engineer. This crew’s responsibilities were crucial for the safety of the flight. However, as technology advanced, it began to quickly replace the duties of the additional crew members on the aircraft. The load on the pilots decreased as the aircraft’s instrumentation gradually improved improvements.
Since they fly in connection with the ground and satellites and with the coordination of all flight plans, airplanes are currently becoming more advanced. This makes it possible for aircraft to fly safely and be tracked. As oil costs rise, things will get worse. The effects of the impending pilot shortage would be lessened by single-pilot operations. The amount of air travel keeps growing tremendously. According to a 2018 assessment by the International Civil Aviation Organization and consulting, the world will need to train 5,50,000 more pilots by the year 2037. Around 2025, Oliver Wyman predicts a shortage of 35,000 workers or nearly 10% of the entire workforce.
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Why are airlines pushing for a single pilot?
The pilot’s unions are one important issue that has a significant impact on airlines, along with the challenge of educating and retaining more pilots, as well as the remuneration of pilots, which is another important consideration for airlines.
Airlines continuously update their pilots’ knowledge of the safe operation and routine tasks. As long as the expense of automation and the new upkeep of ground operators does not end up costing more, single pilot operations will result in cost savings for airlines. The size and amenities of the cockpit will be reduced to some extent. According to the analysis, the decision to use one pilot rather than two represents a significant cost-saving advance. According to the Swiss financial organization UBS, cutting the number of pilots from two to one would allow airlines it studied to save $15 billion, and a completely automated jet would yield an additional $20 billion.
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Southwest pilots union backs Boeing on MAX 7, 10 certification extension(Opens in a new browser tab)
In order to prevent pilot tiredness, some airlines are required to conduct long-haul flights with a third pilot who can switch to the cockpit controls as necessary. Cathay Pacific asked Airbus to develop a technology that can eliminate the need for a third pilot on lengthy flights. Airbus is developing an autonomous system for the A350-1000 aircraft to reduce the need for a pilot in the cockpit. In 2018, it exhibited the capacity to pilot an aircraft with both flying and auto Descent from the cockpit capabilities.
What do pilots think of the concept of a single pilot?
Obviously, the pilot union is opposed to the idea of having only one pilot in the cockpit. They made several reasonable points regarding the advantages of having two pilots in the cockpit for airlines.
Airlines that transport 100 passengers rely solely on their pilots, who are also responsible for ensuring that all safety-related procedures are followed. They cannot be saved from the extreme conditions of aircraft operations by any other means. To operate a plane, two pilots are required.
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According to ALPA, airline pilots must be able to maintain control of an aircraft in a constantly changing and dynamic environment. We regularly carry out the required tasks: communicate with air traffic control, review the present conditions and forecasts, and monitor the operation of the engines and systems. But airline pilots also need to be able to handle the unexpected safely. The list of potential, yet unforeseeable, incidents are almost unlimited and includes things like a cargo compartment fire, a medical emergency, and disruptive passengers.
There are numerous instances of how having two pilots in the cockpit significantly improves safety, from the well-known “Miracle on the Hudson” in 2009 to the successful safe landing of Southwest Flight 1380 in April. However, despite these obvious examples, some are working to have them removed.
A single-pilot operation would have to complete all routine and unforeseen jobs without assistance, much as a driver in a snowstorm doing everything at once while driving: He or she may also be texting, using a GPS, checking the speedometer, and fuel gauge, and engine temperature, as well as taking a math test and speaking with their supervisor.
The Science, Space, and Technology Committee’s insertion of this risky clause into the House FAA reauthorization measure without discussion or debate has prompted ALPA to act promptly to defend aviation safety.
The International Federation of Air Line Pilots’ Associations told ICAO in a report for its assembly last month. Diverse pilot associations around the world are opposed to aircraft having a single crew.
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How is technology evolving to make a single pilot a reality?
Flying is all about gliding an airplane with the aid of an engine, but with autopilot, all tasks are performed by machines rather than pilots, and pilotless operations are entirely dependent on sensors that calibrate environmental conditions and give flight commands.
further, According to NASA, a skilled pilot on the ground could manage several missions at once. If the pilot became incapacitated, he might even be able to assume full control of the plane. Additionally, this pilot might focus on a certain airport. These possibilities have been tested on specialized ground-based simulators.
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Although the idea has not yet been demonstrated, an uncontrolled aircraft may be flown by the ground pilot with the use of satellite networking during an emergency while the ATC provides help.
By delegating additional jobs to computers, the first step would be to dramatically expand automation in the cockpit. Some tasks will need to be transferred simultaneously from the cockpit to the ground support crew. Unmanned aerial aircraft are already equipped with a variety of ground control methods (UAV). It is obvious that switching to a single-crew airliner will result in significant operating cost savings, but it is also necessary to maintain safety standards that are comparable to those of traditional two-pilot commercial operations.
Single pilot operations is “the unavoidable challenge,” Chris Kempis @CathayPacific told the #IATASafetyConference, citing aviation's history of safely reducing cockpit crew levels via automation. But it is “many, many times more complex” than going from 3 crew to 2. pic.twitter.com/43D8yEeICa
— IATA (@IATA) October 27, 2022
Airbus demonstrated this in June 2020. Airbus has successfully completed its Autonomous Taxi, Take-Off and Landing (ATTOL) project after a lengthy two-year flight test program.
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Through fully automatic vision-based flight testing employing onboard image recognition technology, Airbus has successfully completed this project and achieved autonomous taxiing, take-off, and landing of a commercial aircraft a first in aviation. Over 500 test flights were completed in all. About 450 of the flights were used to collect unprocessed video data in order to assist and improve algorithms. Airbus link
The single pilot concept will first be implemented in the cargo flight. Additionally, it will be added to business aircraft, and later on, It will be implemented gradually in larger jets.
Comment here and let us know what you think of the one crew-operating aircraft.
Aerospace
Airbus and BMW Group launch Quantum Mobility Quest
Airbus and BMW Group have joined forces to initiate a groundbreaking global Quantum Computing Challenge named “The Quantum Mobility Quest.” This unprecedented collaboration aims to address longstanding challenges in aviation and automotive industries that traditional computers have been unable to overcome.
Marking a historic milestone, this challenge represents the inaugural endeavor of its kind, uniting two major players in their respective industries to leverage quantum technologies for tangible industrial applications. The objective is to unlock possibilities that can lead to the development of more efficient, sustainable, and secure solutions, shaping the future of transportation.
Even the most advanced computers available today cannot perform some of the most complex operations. However, quantum computing has the potential to greatly increase computational power. This cutting-edge technology may be especially important in modelling different industrial and operational processes for data-driven industries such as transportation, providing avenues to influence the development of future mobility goods and services.
Prospective challengers are requested to choose one or more of the following problem statements: enhanced corrosion inhibition with quantum simulation, future automated mobility with quantum machine learning, more sustainable supply chain with quantum optimisation, and improved aerodynamics design with quantum solvers. Besides, applicants may submit their own quantum technologies, which could be used to create native applications in the transportation industry that yet to be explored in the transportation sector.
By the end of 2024, a jury made up of top quantum experts from around the world will review the submitted proposals in collaboration with experts from Airbus, BMW Group, and AWS. The winning team in each of the five challenges will receive a €30,000 prize.
Registration opens today, and submissions will be accepted from mid-January through April 30, 2024 here: www.thequantuminsider.com/quantum-challenge.
Aerospace
Retired Boeing 747 converted into incredible cafe in Thailand
A retired Boeing 747 has discovered an unexpected second act as a distinctive and alluring cafe in the bustling city of Bangkok.
Before being placed into storage in 2016, the 29-year-old jumbo jet was operated by Orient Thai Airlines. Two years later, in 2018, the carrier ceased operations. But the famous plane, known as the “queen of the skies,” has been given new life, entertaining tourists in Bangkok.
The 747 Cafe is a creative and inventive landmark situated on Luang Phaeng Road in the Lat Krabang district. A dismantled aircraft that has been converted into a cosy dining space greets guests as they enter. Clients can enjoy beverages and delicious baked goods here, taking their time while enjoying their treats in cosy window seats that provide a distinctive view of the outside world.
A trip up to the second floor reveals the once-private cockpit of pilots, for those looking for a more luxurious experience. In addition to learning about the aircraft’s extensive history, visitors can explore this iconic location and perhaps even imagine the many trips it has completed.
The 747 Cafe attracts tourists, curious locals, and aviation enthusiasts alike. It is open every day from 9 am to 6 pm. This abandoned aviation marvel never fails to captivate the imaginations of those who venture inside, adding a sense of airborne nostalgia to the vibrant tapestry of Bangkok’s culinary scene as sunlight filters through its windows.
Aerospace
Why Did India Place a Large Order for Tejas and Prachand Helicopters? Here are 5 Key Points
India is poised to enhance its Defence capabilities with a significant procurement initiative. The Indian Government has approved the acquisition of 97 Tejas Light Combat Aircraft (Mark 1A) and has also given the green light for the procurement of 156 Prachand Combat helicopters. Among these, 90 helicopters are designated for the Army, while 66 are allocated for the Indian Air Force (IAF).
This landmark decision represents the largest order in the history of the Indian Air Force. Both the Tejas aircraft and the Prachand helicopters are domestically produced, with a combined value of Rs 1.1 lakh crore.
Presently, the Indian Air Force operates a fleet of 40 LCA aircraft. With this procurement, the defense arsenal is set to expand to 10 squadrons in the coming years, reaching a total of 220 LCA Mark aircraft.
Here are the five key points outlining India’s defense strategy for its indigenously developed aircraft:
Establishing International Brand Presence:
India’s Tejas faces challenges in securing international orders due to a limited fleet of operational aircraft, raising concerns about its credibility in providing sustained customer service.
Notably, the Tejas aircraft participated in a recent Malaysian Air Force tender but narrowly missed securing the deal, which was ultimately awarded to a South Korean fighter FA-50 jet. Several factors contributed to Tejas losing the bid.
The bolstering of the Air Force fleet not only elevates the credibility of the aircraft features but also augments the production of aircraft. This certainly captures the attention of new customers who consistently seek to validate the aircraft’s capabilities. Specifically, the Tejas aircraft has experienced a substantial increase in its flying hours, highlighting its robust strength and muscular prowess in contrast to other aircraft.
The integration of delta wings in Indian aircraft offers clear advantages over conventional counterparts; nevertheless, the actual effectiveness of this design can only be verified through real-world operations.
Tejas Mark 2 Engine Procurement and Future Expansion:
India Teajs has received a significant offer to manufacture the GE 414 engine, presenting a substantial opportunity for the country’s defense sector. However, it’s crucial to highlight that this engine is designated for the Tejas Mark 2.
Additionally, the success of any fighter jet in the global market hinges on a robust foundation, especially when introducing upgraded versions. To ensure international competitiveness, it is imperative to continue operationalizing Tejas Mark 1, enhancing its reliability and performance for potential foreign exports.
Phasing Out Outdated MiG-21 Fighter Jets:
India has made the strategic decision to decommission its entire fleet of aging MiG-21 fighter jets, colloquially referred to as “Flying Coffins” due to their notorious history of frequent crashes.
The unreliability of these aircraft has been underscored by numerous incidents, with one particular occurrence involving the loss of control over the Pakistan border. Additionally, there have been recurrent operational failures with other aircraft, further accentuating their inadequacy within the context of the current technological landscape.
Introduction of New Tejas Mark 1 Aircraft:
To address these challenges, India is in the process of phasing out the aging MiG-21 and MiG-27 aircraft from its defense service. The new Tejas Mark 1 aircraft is set to replace them, providing enhanced capabilities and bolstering the immunity of India’s defense operations.
Brand Promotion and Marketing for Indigenous Aircraft:
Recognizing the importance of user familiarity, India is actively promoting its self-developed aircraft, particularly after securing substantial orders for Tejas and Prachand. This not only showcases the strength of these aircraft in the international market but also establishes a benchmark for their credibility.
Showcasing Capabilities at International Events:
India’s recent participation in the Dubai Airshow featured impressive displays of flying capabilities, highlighting the prowess of indigenous aircraft. The performance of the Indian-made Dhruvu Helicopter garnered attention, further elevating the profile of Indian aircraft on the global stage.
Unique Features of Prachand Helicopter:
The Prachand helicopter, designed for battlefield deployment as an attack helicopter, stands out with its advanced weaponry and avionics. Positioned to compete with helicopters like the Apache, Turkish T129, and the European Tiger, Prachand emphasizes India’s capability to produce unique and technologically advanced military assets.
Elevating Indigenous Products:
This strategic decision underscores the government’s unwavering commitment to strengthening the nation’s defense capabilities while simultaneously fostering the growth of indigenous defense manufacturing.
The initiative encompasses a comprehensive approach, ranging from neutralizing tanks and armored personnel carriers to enhancing the Indian Navy’s surface platforms, positioning them as primary offensive weapons. Notably, the introduction of the Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) Mk 1A for both the Indian Air Force and the Indian Army marks a significant stride.
Simultaneously, the upgrade of Su-30 MKI Aircraft, featuring the latest weapon integration and avionics, enhances its overall power. The entire process is set to be executed by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), further promoting indigenous prowess.
Additionally, the approval for the development of Medium Range Anti-Ship Missiles for the Indian Navy’s surface platforms underscores the nation’s commitment to advancing its indigenous defense capabilities.
Aerospace
Afghanistan found helicopter that was buried in the sand 13 years ago
In Afghanistan’s Helmand province, the security forces recently found parts of an American helicopter that had been buried in the sand for 13 years. This discovery took place in the Behramcha district, highlighting the lasting traces of past conflicts in the area.
The helicopter parts, surprisingly still in good condition, were carefully hidden, emphasizing the efforts made to conceal this important military equipment.
It is particularly amazing how well the helicopter parts have been preserved. The parts seem undamaged despite the passing of time and the hostile Afghan desert environment, suggesting a level of care and accuracy in the efforts to conceal this military legacy. There’s an air of intrigue to the story as it develops because the reasons for such careful concealment are still unknown.
The security command made the sensible decision to move the helicopter parts to the province of Kandahar for additional investigation after the initial discovery. This choice is indicative of a dedication to solving the mystery surrounding the buried aircraft, as specialists and investigators put in great effort to put the puzzle together. The examination could provide important information about the helicopter, its purpose, and the events leading up to its secret burial.
Aerospace
South Korea selects the Embraer C-390 Millennium
C-390 is the winner of LTA-II program public tender to provide the Republic of Korea Air Force with new military transport aircraft. The country will be Asia’s first C-390 Millennium operator
Seoul, South Korea, December 04, 2023 – South Korea’s Defense Acquisition Program Administration (DAPA) has announced Embraer’s C-390 Millennium as the winner of the Large Transport Aircraft (LTA) II public tender to provide the Republic of Korea Air Force (ROKAF) with new military transport aircraft. South Korea is the C-390 Millennium’s first customer in Asia.
Per the finalized contract, Embraer is set to deliver an undisclosed number of C-390 Millennium aircraft meticulously tailored to meet the specific requirements of the ROKAF. The agreement extends beyond the aircraft itself, encompassing a spectrum of services and support, including training, ground support equipment, and spare parts. The financial value associated with this contract will be integrated into Embraer’s backlog during the final quarter of 2023.
The package includes a substantial allocation of C-390 Millennium components
In addition to the aircraft delivery, Embraer is committed to providing a comprehensive consortium and offset package. This package includes a substantial allocation of C-390 Millennium components to be produced locally by Korean partner companies. Furthermore, it involves the establishment of a local Maintenance Repair and Overhaul (MRO) provider.
Bosco da Costa Jr., President and CEO of Embraer Defense & Security, expressed enthusiasm, stating, “We welcome the Republic of Korea Air Force to the growing number of air forces operating the C-390 Millennium – the most modern military tactical transport aircraft.” Da Costa emphasized the aircraft’s consistent performance in various missions, highlighting its efficiency, serviceability, and speed. He also emphasized the collaborative commitment between Brazil and South Korea to enhance the capabilities of their aerospace and defense industries.
South Korea’s decision to opt for the C-390 Millennium makes it the seventh nation to choose this aircraft, following Brazil, Portugal, Hungary, the Netherlands, Austria, and the Czech Republic. Renowned for redefining military airlift, the C-390 challenges conventional perspectives on current and future-generation platforms. Its design incorporates multi-mission capability, reliability, and interoperability.
Since its operational debut with the Brazilian Air Force in 2019 and, more recently, with the Portuguese Air Force in 2023, the C-390 has consistently demonstrated its capacity, reliability, and performance. The existing fleet has amassed over 10,800 flight hours, showcasing an operational availability of approximately 80% and mission completion rates exceeding 99%, underscoring exceptional productivity within its category.
C-390 Payload capacity of 26 tons
Distinguishing itself from medium-sized military transport aircraft, the C-390 boasts an impressive payload capacity of 26 tons and a higher flying speed at 470 knots. Its versatility enables a broad spectrum of missions, including cargo and troop transport, medical evacuation, search and rescue, firefighting, and humanitarian endeavors. Notably, the aircraft can operate on temporary or unpaved runways, such as packed earth, soil, and gravel. Additionally, the version equipped with air-to-air refueling capabilities, designated as the KC-390, has already demonstrated its prowess both as a tanker and as a receiver during aerial refueling operations.
Aerospace
New UK Airline Ecojet Signs Deal For 70 ZeroAvia Engines
ZeroAvia announced that it has reached a deal with Ecojet, a recently established airline, for up to 70 engines that run entirely on hydrogen and emit no emissions.
In 2024, Ecojet, which wants to be the premier airline for green Britain, will start flying to and from Edinburgh using conventional aircraft. Later, it will convert its fleet to become the first ever electric airline in history.
Once certified, the airline will retrofit its aircraft with ZeroAvia’s ZA600 engines to accomplish its goal. MONTE, ZeroAvia’s preferred ZA600 lessor partner, will collaborate with Ecojet to commercialize this innovative technology. By 2025, ZeroAvia hopes to have the ZA600 engine type certified.
The recently established airline has also placed a larger order for the more potent ZA2000 engine, which is intended for regional turboprops with up to 80 seats and a 2027 entry-in-service target. This will make it possible to fly planes like the Dash 8 400 and ATR72, which are already widely used on international regional routes.
In collaboration with airports and other industry partners, ZeroAvia, Ecojet, and MONTE will determine and fund the initial routes for hydrogen-electric commercial operations. According to ZeroAvia analysis, domestic flights would have lower lifecycle carbon emissions per passenger than any other popular mode of transport available today, including fully occupied cars, domestic rail and coach travel, if they were powered by green hydrogen produced by wind energy in the UK.
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