Aviation

Mumbai man becomes first to be put on no-fly list

How Bomb Threats Affect Airlines and Their Costs

New Delhi, May 20 (PTI) A Mumbai-based jeweller, who created a hijack scare onboard a Jet Airways flight in October last year, has become the first person to be put on the National No Fly List, eight months after it was unveiled.

Incidentally, he was also the first to be booked under the stringent Anti-Hijacking Act which had replaced the vintage law of 1982.

Birju Kishore Salla (37) was arrested in October last year by the crime branch following the emergency landing made by the Mumbai-Delhi Jet Airways plane at the Ahmedabad airport after the pilot was alerted about a note about hijackers and a bomb which was found in the plane’s washroom by a cabin crew.

“Mr Salla, the guy who had created the hijack scare in a Jet Airways flight last year, is the first person to be put on the no fly list,” a senior DGCA official said confirming the development.

The then Union Civil Aviation Minister, Ashok Gajapathi Raju, had advised airlines to put him on the no-fly list, in addition to other statutory criminal action.

Under the revised civil aviation requirement (CAR), a passenger can be considered to be placed under three categories of unruly behaviour, with category three bearing the harshest punishment.

Salla has been placed under the third category.

It says that if a passenger?s behaviour is considered life threatening like affecting the safety of the aircraft then he or she can be banned for up to two years or more.

Unruly behaviour is probed by an internal committee set up by every domestic airline under the chairmanship of a retired District and Sessions judge.

Its members are from different scheduled airlines and passenger associations, consumer associations and retired officials of the consumer dispute redressal forum.

Salla is a multi-millionaire jeweller having his office in the Zaveri Bazar area of Mumbai and a flat in a posh locality of the metropolis.

The note, placed by Salla, stated that there were hijackers and a bomb in the cargo area.

He had confessed to preparing the note, hoping the threat could make Jet Airways close operation in Delhi and his girlfriend, who works in the airlines Delhi office, comes back to Mumbai.

According to the crime branch, the note was a printed note in Urdu and English, asking that the plane be flown straight to POK (Pakistan Occupied Kashmir). It ended with the words, “Allah is Great”. The reference to POK made investigators suspicious because Pakistan-based terrorists call the area Azad Kashmir.

According to the DGCA, it is the responsibility of Jet Airways now to inform other airlines about the grounding of this particular passenger under the CAR. The DGCA will continue to maintain database of such passengers. PTI SAN DIP DIP

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Aviation

Exploring the Different Types of Helicopter Rotor Systems and the Science Behind Them

Helicopters are unique aircraft that use rotating blades, called rotors, to generate lift and enable flight. The design of these rotor systems is crucial because it affects how helicopters perform, maneuver, and respond to different flying conditions.

There are several types of helicopter rotor systems, each with its own advantages and specific uses. Understanding these systems helps us appreciate the engineering behind helicopters and their diverse capabilities, from search and rescue missions to military operations and aerial photography.

In this Video, we will explore the main types of helicopter rotor systems and how they contribute to the helicopter’s functionality and performance.

1. Single Rotor System

The single rotor system is characterized by a single main rotor blade that is responsible for generating lift. To counteract the torque produced by this rotor, a tail rotor is used. This setup is essential for maintaining directional control and stability during flight.

Uses: This design is prevalent in most conventional helicopters, including iconic models such as the Bell 206 and the Robinson R22. The simplicity of the single rotor system not only reduces mechanical complexity but also enhances efficiency. As a result, it is favored for a variety of applications, including aerial tours, law enforcement, and emergency medical services, where reliability and straightforward operation are paramount.

2. Tandem Rotor System

The tandem rotor system features two parallel rotors of equal size that rotate in opposite directions. This counter-rotation helps to cancel out the torque that each rotor would otherwise produce, resulting in a balanced and stable flight profile.

Uses: This configuration is typically employed in heavy-lift helicopters, such as the CH-47 Chinook. The tandem design allows for an increased payload capacity and enhanced stability, making it particularly effective for transporting troops, equipment, and supplies in military operations, as well as for civilian applications like logging and construction, where heavy lifting is required.

3. Coaxial Rotor System

The coaxial rotor system consists of two rotors mounted one above the other on the same mast, rotating in opposite directions. This innovative design minimizes the need for a tail rotor, allowing for a more compact helicopter structure.

Uses: Coaxial rotor systems can be found in helicopters such as the Kamov Ka-50. This design offers several advantages, including enhanced lift capabilities, improved maneuverability, and better control in various flight conditions. These features make it particularly suitable for military applications, where agility and quick response times are crucial, as well as for specific civilian operations that require high performance in tight spaces.

4. Intermeshing Rotor System

The intermeshing rotor system consists of two rotors that rotate in opposite directions while intersecting each other, but without colliding. This unique configuration creates a highly efficient aerodynamic profile.

Uses: This system is utilized in helicopters like the Kaman K-MAX, designed specifically for heavy lifting and aerial work. The intermeshing rotors provide remarkable stability and lift capabilities, making it particularly effective for operations in confined spaces, such as urban environments or dense forests. It is ideal for missions that involve heavy external loads, including construction, firefighting, and disaster relief efforts.

5. Transverse rotor system

The transverse rotor system has two parallel rotors that spin in opposite directions, improving lift and stability. This design enhances the aircraft’s aerodynamic efficiency and maneuverability.

A notable example of this system is the V-22 Osprey, a tiltrotor aircraft that merges helicopter vertical lift with the speed of a fixed-wing plane. allowing the Osprey to operate in tough environments like urban areas and remote locations. It can carry heavy loads and personnel, making it suitable for troop transport, search and rescue, medical evacuation, and logistical support in military operations. Overall, the transverse rotor system enhances the V-22 Osprey’s effectiveness and operational flexibility.

6. Compound Rotor System

The compound rotor system combines traditional rotor systems with fixed wings and other aerodynamic features to enhance efficiency and speed. This hybrid approach allows for greater aerodynamic performance than standard rotorcraft.

Uses: Advanced helicopters like the Sikorsky X2 and Boeing’s DBF (Defiant) utilize the compound rotor system. These helicopters are designed for higher speeds and longer ranges, making them suitable for military operations, search-and-rescue missions, and law enforcement tasks where rapid response and extended operational capabilities are essential.

7. NOTAR system

NOTAR system replaces the traditional tail rotor with a ducted fan and directional airflow to counter the torque from the main rotor. It works by pushing air through the tail boom and out through side vents, creating thrust that stabilizes the helicopter. This design reduces noise, boosts safety, and cuts down on maintenance.

Uses: The NOTAR system is found in helicopters like the MD 520N and MD 902 Explorer. Without an exposed tail rotor, it lowers the risk of rotor strikes, making it safer for operations in tight spaces. Its quieter performance is ideal for missions where low noise is needed, such as urban air operations, police work, and medical evacuations.