Connect with us

Aviation

How Pilots Handle Turbulence During Commercial Flights

How Pilots Handle Turbulence During Commercial Flights

When pilots encounter turbulence while flying commercial airplanes, their response varies depending on the severity of the turbulence.

Just as ocean waves break on a beach, air also forms waves as it encounters mountains. While some air passes smoothly over and onward, some air masses crowd against the mountains themselves, left with nowhere to go but up. These “mountain waves” can propagate as wide, gentle oscillations into the atmosphere, but they can also break up into many tumultuous currents, which we experience as turbulence.

Pilots are trained to manage turbulence through a series of well-defined procedures. Initially, they will ensure that passengers and crew are seated and securely fastened by turning on the fasten seatbelt sign. Communication is key, so the flight crew will inform passengers of the situation, providing reassurance and instructions to remain seated.

In mild turbulence, pilots might make small adjustments to the aircraft’s speed and altitude to find a smoother flight path. They rely on weather radar and reports from other pilots to navigate around or through turbulent areas. In more severe turbulence, pilots may request a different flight level from air traffic control to avoid the turbulent airspace.

Modern aircraft are designed to handle a significant amount of stress, but pilots will still slow the aircraft to its “turbulence penetration speed” to minimize the forces on the airframe. This speed is lower than the cruising speed and allows the plane to safely absorb the impacts of turbulence without compromising structural integrity.

Furthermore, pilots continuously monitor the aircraft’s systems and performance during turbulence. Autopilot systems are often engaged to help maintain stability and control. However, pilots are ready to take manual control if necessary, ensuring the safety and comfort of everyone on board.

Continue Reading

Aviation

How Emirates pilots reduce fuel and emissions during operations

How Emirates pilots reduce fuel and emissions during operations

Flying smarter and minimizing fuel consumption and emissions starts in the cockpit. Emirates embarked on implementing “Green Operating Procedures” (‘Green Ops’) in 2016, adopting a multi-pronged approach to reduce on-ground and in-flight fuel use.

This initiative also provides pilots with necessary education, awareness, data analytics, and technology to manage flights efficiently.

Led by an internal cross-functional Operations Efficiency Steering Group, Emirates aims to mitigate unnecessary fuel burn and emissions while maintaining high safety standards.

In the financial year 2023-2024, ‘Green Ops’ and other initiatives helped reduce fuel burn by over 48,000 tonnes and carbon emissions by more than 151,000 tonnes. Key operational measures include:

Discretionary Extra Fuel

  • Pilots assess operational circumstances to uplift extra fuel beyond the minimum regulatory standards only when necessary, resulting in a significant reduction of discretionary extra fuel uplift.

Flight Speed Optimization

  • Pilots optimize flight speed to reduce fuel consumption while maintaining schedule integrity, as part of Emirates’ standard operating procedures.

Reduced Flap Landing

  • Pilots select flap settings that minimize aerodynamic drag, reducing fuel consumption without compromising safety.

Idle Reverse Thrust

  • Upon landing, pilots use idle reverse thrust to decelerate the aircraft, depending on runway conditions, to reduce fuel consumption.

Reduced Engine Taxi-In (RETI)

  • After landing, pilots shut down one or two engines during ground taxiing, increasing the use of RETI sevenfold since its introduction.

Optimized Flight Routings

  • Emirates uses flexible flight routes, optimizing each route for fuel efficiency and time savings since 2003.

Technology and Innovation – FlightPulse

  • Emirates introduced FlightPulse, a self-service data analytics tool developed with GE Digital Aviation Services, enhancing monitoring and collaboration for improved safety and fuel efficiency.

Center of Gravity Optimization

  • Aircraft are loaded to optimize the center of gravity, enhancing aerodynamic efficiency and saving fuel.

APU Usage

  • On the ground, Emirates reduces APU usage in favor of electrical ground power units (GPU), reducing emissions by over 30%.

Adjusted Potable Water Uplift

  • Flights upload the required amount of potable water calculated scientifically, reducing weight and ensuring fuel efficiency without compromising passenger comfort.

Through these comprehensive measures, Emirates pilots play a crucial role in reducing fuel consumption and emissions, contributing to more sustainable airline operations.

Continue Reading

Aviation

Air India Alters Elderly Couple’s US Flights Without Notice

Air India Alters Elderly Couple's US Flights Without Notice

An elderly couple’s travel plans were unexpectedly disrupted when Air India allegedly changed their tickets and destinations without prior notification, as reported by a user recounting the ordeal.

According to Dushyant Arora, the couple discovered the changes only when they attempted to check in for their flight to Newark, New Jersey, scheduled for June 19.

They were shocked to find that Air India had booked them on separate flights. The husband was re-routed to New York instead of Newark, departing on a different day than originally planned, while the wife’s itinerary remained unchanged.

The couple, unfamiliar with the changes and concerned about flying separately, decided to cancel their tickets. This decision was particularly difficult for the mother, as it would have been her first time flying abroad, and she expressed reluctance to travel alone.

The couple was not contacted by anyone from the airline to inform them of the changes. The tickets had to be cancelled by the couple. In response to the X user, Air India stated that the customer’s request for a complete refund has been fulfilled.

“Dear Sir, we apologise that this happened and assure you that we never plan to interfere with our clients’ travel arrangements. “We have conducted a complete refund in accordance with the primary customer’s request, who was booked in the PNR,” stated Air India.

Continue Reading

Aviation

India’s Potential Interest in Russia’s Su-57 Fighter Jet

India's Potential Interest in Russia's Su-57 Fighter Jet

The Indian Air Force may soon bolster its fighter jet fleet with the addition of Russia’s Su-57 ‘Felon’, a cutting-edge stealth aircraft.

Amidst concerns over a declining number of warplanes in its inventory, military experts like former IAF pilot Vijainder K Thakur underscore the advantages of integrating the Su-57 into India’s defense strategy.

Thakur emphasized that the Su-57‘s advanced features, such as its night vision and tracking system, countermeasures against infrared missiles, and sensors capable of detecting missile launches, make it a formidable addition to the IAF’s arsenal.

Advanced AI and technology for teaming with aircraft.

One of the most notable aspects of the Su-57 is its integration of advanced AI and technology, allowing it to team with both manned and unmanned aircraft.

Thakur pointed out that the Su-57 could carry electronic equipment in its weapons bay to operate as a drone mothership, controlling highly stealthy drones such as the Okhotnik (S-70).

AMCA still 2-3 years from maiden flight

Despite India’s ongoing efforts to develop its own fifth-generation fighter, the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA), Thakur noted that the AMCA is still 2-3 years away from its maiden flight and approximately 15 years from operational induction.

In the interim, the Su-57 could provide the IAF with the stealth capabilities it currently lacks. Moreover, India’s strategic options are limited by its purchase of the Russian S-400 air defense system, which precludes the acquisition of the F-35 from the United States.

Thus, the Su-57 emerges as a viable alternative to bridge the gap until the AMCA becomes operational.

Continue Reading
Advertisement

Advertisement

Trending