Aviation
AirAsia Moving to Terminal 4 at Singapore Changi Airport
SINGAPORE, 19 October 2017 – AirAsia will relocate operations at Singapore Changi Airport from Terminal 1 to Terminal 4 effective 7 November 2017.
All AirAsia flights scheduled for that day will arrive at and depart from Terminal 4. Departing and arriving flight schedules will not be affected by the move.
Guests departing from Terminal 4 are advised to arrive 3 hours before departure to ensure sufficient time to move through the new terminal, while those arriving in Terminal 4 are advised to inform their loved ones of the change.
Guests can reach the terminal via taxi, private hire cars, bus and personal transportation. Those using MRT services will need to head to Terminal 2 arrival hall and take the free shuttle bus service that will ferry guests to Terminal 4. The shuttle bus will be available every 10 minutes for 24 hours a day, every day of the week.
AirAsia Singapore CEO Logan Velaitham said the move to the new state-of-the-art, fully-automated Terminal 4 for all flights departing and arriving in Singapore is in line with AirAsia’s vision of becoming a digital airline.
“This year, the focus in Singapore is to embrace Fast and Seamless Travel (FAST). We collaborated with Changi Airport Group (CAG) to automate and innovate our check-in and airport experience. When you fly out of Changi with us, expect a fully automated service with FAST from door to gate, which integrates seamlessly into our own innovations on mobile and web,” he said.
He added: “Our ground staff have been upskilled into brand ambassadors for the airline, to assist guests with last-minute value-add services at check-in, such as buying travel insurance, inflight wifi or upgrading to Hot Seats.”
At Terminal 4, AirAsia will deploy 19 check-in kiosks, 14 auto bag drop machines, two document check counters and two payment counters at Row 4, with group check-in services available at Row 5.
Guests will be able to check-in at home via web and mobile, print their bag tags at our self-service kiosks and drop their bags at the auto bag drop machines when they come to the airport, or proceed directly to the gate if they have no check-in baggage.
Aviation
Exploring the Different Types of Helicopter Rotor Systems and the Science Behind Them
Helicopters are unique aircraft that use rotating blades, called rotors, to generate lift and enable flight. The design of these rotor systems is crucial because it affects how helicopters perform, maneuver, and respond to different flying conditions.
There are several types of helicopter rotor systems, each with its own advantages and specific uses. Understanding these systems helps us appreciate the engineering behind helicopters and their diverse capabilities, from search and rescue missions to military operations and aerial photography.
In this Video, we will explore the main types of helicopter rotor systems and how they contribute to the helicopter’s functionality and performance.
1. Single Rotor System
The single rotor system is characterized by a single main rotor blade that is responsible for generating lift. To counteract the torque produced by this rotor, a tail rotor is used. This setup is essential for maintaining directional control and stability during flight.
Uses: This design is prevalent in most conventional helicopters, including iconic models such as the Bell 206 and the Robinson R22. The simplicity of the single rotor system not only reduces mechanical complexity but also enhances efficiency. As a result, it is favored for a variety of applications, including aerial tours, law enforcement, and emergency medical services, where reliability and straightforward operation are paramount.
2. Tandem Rotor System
The tandem rotor system features two parallel rotors of equal size that rotate in opposite directions. This counter-rotation helps to cancel out the torque that each rotor would otherwise produce, resulting in a balanced and stable flight profile.
Uses: This configuration is typically employed in heavy-lift helicopters, such as the CH-47 Chinook. The tandem design allows for an increased payload capacity and enhanced stability, making it particularly effective for transporting troops, equipment, and supplies in military operations, as well as for civilian applications like logging and construction, where heavy lifting is required.
3. Coaxial Rotor System
The coaxial rotor system consists of two rotors mounted one above the other on the same mast, rotating in opposite directions. This innovative design minimizes the need for a tail rotor, allowing for a more compact helicopter structure.
Uses: Coaxial rotor systems can be found in helicopters such as the Kamov Ka-50. This design offers several advantages, including enhanced lift capabilities, improved maneuverability, and better control in various flight conditions. These features make it particularly suitable for military applications, where agility and quick response times are crucial, as well as for specific civilian operations that require high performance in tight spaces.
4. Intermeshing Rotor System
The intermeshing rotor system consists of two rotors that rotate in opposite directions while intersecting each other, but without colliding. This unique configuration creates a highly efficient aerodynamic profile.
Uses: This system is utilized in helicopters like the Kaman K-MAX, designed specifically for heavy lifting and aerial work. The intermeshing rotors provide remarkable stability and lift capabilities, making it particularly effective for operations in confined spaces, such as urban environments or dense forests. It is ideal for missions that involve heavy external loads, including construction, firefighting, and disaster relief efforts.
5. Transverse rotor system
The transverse rotor system has two parallel rotors that spin in opposite directions, improving lift and stability. This design enhances the aircraft’s aerodynamic efficiency and maneuverability.
A notable example of this system is the V-22 Osprey, a tiltrotor aircraft that merges helicopter vertical lift with the speed of a fixed-wing plane. allowing the Osprey to operate in tough environments like urban areas and remote locations. It can carry heavy loads and personnel, making it suitable for troop transport, search and rescue, medical evacuation, and logistical support in military operations. Overall, the transverse rotor system enhances the V-22 Osprey’s effectiveness and operational flexibility.
6. Compound Rotor System
The compound rotor system combines traditional rotor systems with fixed wings and other aerodynamic features to enhance efficiency and speed. This hybrid approach allows for greater aerodynamic performance than standard rotorcraft.
Uses: Advanced helicopters like the Sikorsky X2 and Boeing’s DBF (Defiant) utilize the compound rotor system. These helicopters are designed for higher speeds and longer ranges, making them suitable for military operations, search-and-rescue missions, and law enforcement tasks where rapid response and extended operational capabilities are essential.
7. NOTAR system
NOTAR system replaces the traditional tail rotor with a ducted fan and directional airflow to counter the torque from the main rotor. It works by pushing air through the tail boom and out through side vents, creating thrust that stabilizes the helicopter. This design reduces noise, boosts safety, and cuts down on maintenance.
Uses: The NOTAR system is found in helicopters like the MD 520N and MD 902 Explorer. Without an exposed tail rotor, it lowers the risk of rotor strikes, making it safer for operations in tight spaces. Its quieter performance is ideal for missions where low noise is needed, such as urban air operations, police work, and medical evacuations.
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