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Nine freedoms of the air

Nine freedoms of the air

The freedoms of the air refer to a set of commercial aviation rights that allow airlines from one country to fly into and land in the airspace of another. The first two freedoms deal with commercial aircraft flying over foreign airspace and airports, while the remaining freedoms deal with international transportation of people, mail, and goods.

• First freedom
The right to fly across another country without having to land.

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• Second freedom
The ability to refueling or perform maintenance in another country without having to board or disembark passengers or cargo.

• Third freedom
The ability to travel between one’s own country and another.

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• Fourth freedom
The freedom to fly from another country to one’s own.

• Fifth freedom
The ability to travel across two foreign countries on a flight that starts or ends in one’s own country.

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• Sixth freedom
The ability to fly from one country to another while making a non-technical stop in one’s own country.
➢ Modified sixth freedom
The right to travel across two locations in a foreign land while making a non-technical stop in one’s own country.

• Seventh freedom
The ability to fly across two foreign countries without passing through one’s own country.

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• Eighth freedom
The ability to fly within a foreign country after departing from or returning to one’s home country.

• Ninth freedom
The ability to travel inside a foreign country without returning to one’s own.

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Commercial aviation is subject to the freedoms of the air. Even if countries permit the services, airlines may still be restricted from using them due to treaty provisions or other factors

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Airlines

Planes Grounded As Rainwater Enters Chennai Airport Runway

Planes Grounded As Rainwater Enters Chennai Airport Runway

Ahead of Cyclone Michaung, which is predicted to make landfall in the next 24 hours, Chennai and its neighborhoods were battered by intense rain and wind on Monday. As a result, authorities had to evacuate people from flooded areas, close schools and offices, and stop flights.

Twelve outgoing domestic flights and four outgoing international flights have been cancelled due to the suspension of operations at Chennai airport. The weather forced three incoming international flights to divert to Bengaluru.

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Videos show planes being forced to land because rainwater got on the runway, forcing authorities to close it until 11 p.m. tonight.

A number of social media users posted videos showing the effects of the rain in various locations throughout the city. For the next 24 hours, Chennai and the surrounding areas should expect a lot of rain, according to the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD). Tomorrow at noon, the cyclone is predicted to make landfall between Nellore and Machilipatnam.

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The cyclone also caused delays in several flights leaving and arriving from Chennai, which had an effect on flight services. Officials say that arrival operations at the airport are closed until 11 p.m.

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Airlines

Frozen Wings: Munich Airport Paralyzed Amidst Snowstorm Chaos

Frozen Wings: Munich Airport Paralyzed Amidst Snowstorm Chaos

Over the weekend, all flights at Munich’s airport were cancelled due to a winter storm that affected travel throughout the region by dumping snow over southern Germany, parts of Austria, Switzerland, and the Czech Republic.

Social media users shared a video clip of one of the planes at Munich Airport in southern Germany that had “frozen” as a result of the region’s intense snowfall. The plane appeared to be stuck in the snow and to be attached to the ground in the video.

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The airport first declared that flights would be canceled until noon on Saturday, but later changed its announcement to 6 a.m. on Sunday. Additional airports in the area, such as Zurich, the financial hub of Switzerland, also declared delays and cancellations due to severe weather.

Germany’s national railway reported that trains to and from Munich’s central station had also been stopped, and that travelers should postpone or reroute their trips. Some passengers in Munich and the nearby city of Ulm spent Friday night (Saturday NZT) on trains as a result of the halt, according to the report.

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Aerospace

New UK Airline Ecojet Signs Deal For 70 ZeroAvia Engines

New UK Airline Ecojet Signs Deal For 70 ZeroAvia Engines

ZeroAvia announced that it has reached a deal with Ecojet, a recently established airline, for up to 70 engines that run entirely on hydrogen and emit no emissions.

In 2024, Ecojet, which wants to be the premier airline for green Britain, will start flying to and from Edinburgh using conventional aircraft. Later, it will convert its fleet to become the first ever electric airline in history.

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Once certified, the airline will retrofit its aircraft with ZeroAvia’s ZA600 engines to accomplish its goal. MONTE, ZeroAvia’s preferred ZA600 lessor partner, will collaborate with Ecojet to commercialize this innovative technology. By 2025, ZeroAvia hopes to have the ZA600 engine type certified.

The recently established airline has also placed a larger order for the more potent ZA2000 engine, which is intended for regional turboprops with up to 80 seats and a 2027 entry-in-service target. This will make it possible to fly planes like the Dash 8 400 and ATR72, which are already widely used on international regional routes.

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In collaboration with airports and other industry partners, ZeroAvia, Ecojet, and MONTE will determine and fund the initial routes for hydrogen-electric commercial operations. According to ZeroAvia analysis, domestic flights would have lower lifecycle carbon emissions per passenger than any other popular mode of transport available today, including fully occupied cars, domestic rail and coach travel, if they were powered by green hydrogen produced by wind energy in the UK.

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Airlines

Ilyushin Il-96 Cubana Aircraft Returns to Home, After 14 Months

Ilyushin Il-96 Cubana Aircraft Returns to Home, After 14 Months

CU-T1250, registered as Ilyushin Il-96-300 of Cubana de Aviación, made its landing at José Martí International Airport (HAV) in Havana, Cuba, following a fourteen-month absence from the island. It was the airline’s second recovered aircraft, and its arrival signaled the end of its inspection period in Russia.

Cuba had not been able to maintain its fleet due to a shortage of parts for its aircraft made in Russia. Executives at Cubana de Aviación blamed the US sanctions for this challenge.

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Experts and specialists from Russia and Cuba completed a 14-month-long general repair of the device, making improvements to the air navigation, security systems, and overall comfort while also raising the level of services provided on board.

December 2nd saw the departure of CU-T1250 from Moscow-Zhukovsky International Airport. En route to Havana, the aircraft passed through Finnish, Norwegian, and Arctic airspace before touching down in Gander, Canada (YQX).

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As a result of the crisis between Russia and Ukraine, Spain has placed restrictions on Russian models, so it is currently unclear when the airline will start operating to Argentina and Spain again.

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Aerospace

Air Force Drops Boeing from Consideration in ‘Doomsday Plane’ Contest

Air Air Force Drops Boeing from Consideration in 'Doomsday Plane' ContestDrops Boeing from Consideration in 'Doomsday Plane' Contest

Boeing confirmed on Friday that the U.S. Air Force eliminated Boeing from the competition to develop an E-4B Nightwatch replacement, reversing the competition to build the next generation of aircraft known as the “Doomsday Plane” because of its ability to withstand a nuclear war.

The E-4B Nightwatch, also referred to as the “Doomsday Plane,” is a modified Boeing 747-200B used in military operations. It is built to resist the electromagnetic pulse from a nuclear explosion and functions as the National Airborne Operations Centre. The aircraft is capable of conducting routine training and readiness missions while staying in the air for several days.

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Boeing and the Air Force were unable to agree on data rights and contract terms, according to Reuters. This was partly due to Boeing’s refusal to sign a fixed-price agreement that would have required it to pay for costs over a predetermined amount.

A major change in the military aircraft manufacturing landscape has occurred with Boeing’s removal from the ‘Doomsday Plane‘ competition. It’s unclear who will step up to take over Boeing’s position as the US Air Force works to update its aircraft and remain prepared for changing international threats.

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According to budget documents, the Air Force intends to continue developing SOAC with spending of $889 million in fiscal 2024 and $8.3 billion through fiscal 2028. Early in the 2030s, the E-4B is anticipated to reach the end of its operational lifespan.

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Airlines

Air India set to showcase its first A350 & B737 at the Hyderabad Wings India 2024

Air India is set to showcase its first A350 and Boeing 737 at the Hyderabad Wings India 2024

Air India has successfully completed the title transfer process for its fourth A350 aircraft, with its anticipated arrival scheduled for February 2024.

The Tata Group-owned airline is eagerly awaiting the arrival of its first A350-900 aircraft in India later this month. To showcase its latest additions, Air India plans to feature two of its new planes at the prestigious Hyderabad WINGS festival scheduled for January.

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The WINGS India Aviation show, a bi-annual event organized by the Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA) in collaboration with FICCI, is a significant platform for the aviation industry and will be held in Hyderabad.

Among the highlighted aircraft, one is the Airbus A350, marking the debut of this wide-body aircraft in India. The second showcased plane will be the renowned Boeing 737 MAX, presenting Air India’s new branding.

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Wilson reports that Air India has also received two more narrow-body A320neos, which are scheduled to go into service in December. The airline wants to show that the new management is actively working to improve product quality for customers, despite criticism of its outdated in-flight amenities. Air India is growing its international network, indicating its commitment to future growth.

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