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AI pilot operates experimental F-16 fighter jet

AI's Potential to Replace Pilots in Future U.S. Warplane Operations Raises Concerns, Expert Warns

Lockheed Martin Skunk Works® (NYSE: LMT) recently collaborated with the U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School and various government and industry partners to host U.S. Secretary of the Air Force Frank Kendall for a flight aboard the X-62A Variable In-flight Simulation Test Aircraft (VISTA). This aircraft is unique, having been modified specifically for testing artificial intelligence (AI) and autonomy capabilities.

VISTA serves as a trailblazer in AI development, facilitating the exploration and testing of cutting-edge AI techniques within novel unmanned vehicle designs. This work is crucial for achieving distributed teaming objectives. Remarkably, within a span of less than a year, the teams successfully integrated initial live AI agents into the systems of the X-62A, showcased the inaugural AI versus human dogfight, and implemented over 100,000 lines of flight-critical software modifications over 21 test flights.

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“The need for innovation at speed and scale is greater than ever. The X-62A VISTA is a crucial platform in our efforts to develop, test, and integrate AI, as well as to establish AI certification standards that will revolutionize the future of aerospace,” said John Clark, Vice President and General Manager of Lockheed Martin Skunk Works. “Our proven hardware and software architecture create secure and controlled environments for AI agents and sophisticated algorithms to swiftly prototype and evolve.”

Lockheed Martin’s open systems architecture, leveraging Skunk Works’ Model Following Algorithm (MFA) and System for Autonomous Control of the Simulation (SACS), facilitates intricate tests. These significant enhancements augment VISTA’s capabilities while preserving its advantage in rapid prototyping, allowing for swift software adjustments and frequent flight tests. This expedites the pace of AI and autonomy development to align with pressing national defense priorities.

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This architecture has demonstrated reliability and robustness, capable of transitioning to third-party distributed hardware to replicate safe and controlled flight test objectives, as demonstrated by VISTA. Lockheed Martin leads the charge in integrating AI-enabled platform autonomy with human oversight to enhance operational speed, optimize agility, and reduce sustainment costs.

The F16 is renowned as one of the deadliest fighter jets in existence, boasting a versatile array of weaponry and a proven track record in battle with its single-engine design. Despite being among the oldest fighter jets in the US Air Force, it has received the latest upgrades in Avionics and Weapons systems. A significant milestone achieved by Lockheed Martin and the US Air Force is the integration of AI technology, enabling automated control of the aircraft. While Lockheed Martin has experimented with various aircraft, the F16 stands out as a unique platform in this regard. It marks a historic achievement as the world’s first fighter jet to be controlled by AI technology.

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Secretary Kendall’s flight closely follows several notable accolades for VISTA, including nominations as finalists for the 2023 Robert J. Collier Trophy and receipt of the Society of Flight Test Engineers’ James S. McDonnell Award and Aviation Week’s 2024 Laureate Award for Defense.

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Aerospace

China Developing Comac C939 Wide Body Aircraft to Compete with A350 and B777

China Developing Comac C939 Wide Body Aircraft to Compete with A350 and B777


China’s Comac aircraft company is currently underway with the development of its own wide-body aircraft, the C939, positioned to compete with industry stalwarts like the Boeing 787 and Airbus A350 in the future. This strategic move by Comac involves crafting the next iteration with enhanced capacity and extended range capabilities, marking a significant leap forward in technological advancement compared to the current C919 aircraft.

Air China has inked a substantial deal worth a staggering $10.8 billion, based on list prices, to acquire 100 Comac C919 jets, signaling a strong vote of confidence in the domestic challenger to aerospace giants Airbus and Boeing.

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China Comac C919 Total Order

With both China Southern and Air China combining orders for nearly 200 aircraft, the prospects for the new C919 aircraft appear increasingly promising for future fleet growth. To date, Comac has garnered orders for nearly 1,100 aircraft.

China is contemplating the development of another wide-body aircraft, the C939, poised to significantly bolster the aerospace industry in China.

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COMAC has initiated work on the C939, a new wide-body airliner. While design concepts have been formulated, it will still take several years before a prototype materializes, according to reports from the South China Morning Post, citing anonymous sources.

Initially intended to be a joint venture with Russia, plans were halted due to Russia’s decision to safeguard its copyrights and technological advancements within its borders. Consequently, collaboration between China and Russia on aircraft development was discontinued. Sources suggest that China is vigorously pursuing new avenues for the independent development of its own wide-body aircraft, crucial for accommodating larger passenger capacities and extended flight ranges.

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Comac C939 competes with Boeing 777 and A350

Information regarding the program remains limited. COMAC has refrained from commenting on the development of the new aircraft type, stating that official announcements will be made in due course. Nevertheless, the C939 could potentially accommodate up to 390 passengers, positioning it to compete with the largest Boeing 777 and Airbus A350 aircraft.

In addition to the prospective C939, COMAC is already advancing with the development of another widebody aircraft, known as the C929. This aircraft is poised to rival the Boeing 787 and Airbus A330, boasting 280 seats and a range approaching 6,500 nautical miles.

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Since obtaining certification in late 2022, the COMAC C919 has been operational, accumulating nearly 1,000 firm orders, predominantly from Chinese-owned airlines and leasing companies.

With multiple widebody aircraft in the pipeline, COMAC stands to achieve parity with the two leading international aircraft manufacturers. Boeing, with its 777 and 787 models, and Airbus, with the A330neo and A350, both have a comparable range of offerings. However, Boeing’s aircraft are encountering delays and production challenges despite substantial orders, while the A350 is performing commendably, though the A330neo’s order intake has not met initial projections.

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How much does C919 cost?

China is under pressure to fulfill the current orders for the C919 aircraft, prompting plans to expand production facilities across various regions within the country. The aim is to ramp up production capacity for C919 planes to 150 aircraft annually over the next five years. The latest reports indicate that the C919 is priced around $99 million, comparable to the price of Boeing 737 Max and Airbus A320 aircraft, with expectations for further price reductions in the future.

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While the C919 has yet to be certified in major aviation markets outside of China, only four have been delivered thus far. In the long term, COMAC’s widebody aircraft will vie for global competitiveness. One potential benefit of COMAC aircraft could be in reducing China’s reliance on Western aircraft manufacturers. However, this shift won’t happen immediately; the current delivery rate of four aircraft in nearly 18 months is not sustainable, and both Airbus and Boeing have established manufacturing facilities in China to cater to its sizable market.

Nevertheless, assuming COMAC addresses the issues impeding deliveries, there’s a plausible scenario where the manufacturer assumes a significant role, particularly as China’s aviation market continues to expand.

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As the C939 progresses through its development stages, more details are expected to emerge. Comparisons between official specifications of the C929 and C939 will be noteworthy, as will the initial orders for each aircraft type. However, it’s anticipated that neither will undergo test flights or enter into service for several years.

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Aerospace

Airbus Reveals Innovative Hybrid Aircraft, Blending Plane and Copter Designs

Airbus Reveals Innovative Hybrid Aircraft, Blending Plane and Copter Designs

Airbus Helicopters has unveiled a groundbreaking innovation in rotorcraft technology with the introduction of an experimental hybrid aircraft, blending the features of a plane and a helicopter.

Named the Racer, this one-of-a-kind demonstrator model integrates traditional overhead rotor blades with two forward-facing propellers, aiming stability with speed. The primary objective behind this engineering marvel is to significantly reduce response times for critical missions such as search-and-rescue operations.

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Priced at 200 million euros ($217 million), the Racer represents a pioneering leap in rotorcraft design, poised to revolutionize the industry. Beyond its immediate applications, including search-and-rescue missions, the Racer’s potential extends to military endeavors, aligning with NATO’s ongoing exploration of next-generation helicraft. However, the realization of such prospects hinges upon the alignment of future operational requirements.

Designed to operate at a cruise speed exceeding 400 km/h, the Racer demonstrator is meticulously engineered to strike a delicate balance between speed, cost-efficiency, and mission performance.

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Notably, the aircraft targets a notable reduction in fuel consumption, aiming for a 20% decrease compared to contemporary helicopters of similar caliber. This feat is made possible through aerodynamic optimization and an innovative eco-mode propulsion system, developed in collaboration with Safran Helicopter Engines.

The hybrid-electrical eco-mode system allows for the temporary suspension of one of the two Aneto-1X engines during cruise flight, thereby contributing to a reduction in CO2 emissions. Moreover, the Racer seeks to address environmental concerns by focusing on lowering its operational acoustic footprint, showcasing its commitment to sustainability.

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Building upon the success of Airbus Helicopters‘ X3 technology demonstrator, which previously pushed the boundaries of helicopter speed by achieving a remarkable 472 km/h, the Racer represents a significant evolution in aerodynamic configuration and technological innovation.

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Aviation

Pratt & Whitney Faces Lawsuit Over Aircraft Engine Allegations

In a significant legal development within the aerospace industry, Pratt & Whitney, a subsidiary of aerospace giant RTX, finds itself embroiled in a formidable $150 million lawsuit. As reported by Reuters.

Filed by Universal Turbine Parts LLC (UTP) in a Philadelphia federal court, the lawsuit accuses Pratt & Whitney Canada, a unit of RTX, of engaging in anti-competitive practices aimed at stifling competition in the market for used engines and parts for regional commercial aircraft, freight operations, and other applications.

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UTP, an Alabama-based supplier of aftermarket aircraft engines and engine parts, alleges that Pratt & Whitney Canada has systematically obstructed rivals, including UTP, from accessing its used PT6 and PW100 turboprop engines.

These engines, manufactured by Pratt & Whitney, hold a significant presence in the aviation industry, with Pratt having produced over 64,000 PT6 engines and 8,000 PW100 engines, as stated in the lawsuit.

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Central to UTP’s claims is the assertion that Pratt & Whitney has violated U.S. competition law by imposing restrictions that prevent approved “overhaul facilities” from supplying engines and parts to UTP and other second-hand sellers.

Moreover, UTP accuses Pratt of engaging in unfair practices by acquiring used engines and parts at non-economic prices, effectively monopolizing the market and limiting access for competitors.

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The lawsuit further alleges that Pratt & Whitney may have obtained sensitive information, leading to its attempts to cut off the supply of engines to UTP and other second-hand sellers. UTP’s legal action seeks $150 million in cash damages, portraying Pratt’s actions as part of a larger “multi-faceted scheme” of antitrust offenses.

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